Sprattus sprattus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Recherche rapide

Lien fishbase

Clupea sprattus : Linnaeus, 1758 : 318 (senior synonym)Systema naturae. I. | Whitehead, 1969 a : 266 (synonym of Sprattus sprattus) (senior synonym)The clupeid fishes described by Bloch and Schneider..
Sprattus sprattus : Whitehead, 1985 : 49-50, fig.FAO species catalogue. Vol.7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies & wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae & Pristigasteridae. | Lavoué et al., 2013 : 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12Mitogenomic evidence for an Indo-West Pacific origin of the Clupeoidei (Teleostei: Clupeiformes). | Elbaraasi et al., 2018 : 92Updated checklist of bony fishes along the Libyan coast (southern Mediterranean Sea)..
Clupanodon phalerica : Risso, 1826 : 452 (junior synonym)Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale, et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes maritimes. | Whitehead, 1985 : 49 (synonym of Sprattus sprattus) (junior synonym)FAO species catalogue. Vol.7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies & wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae & Pristigasteridae..
Clupea latulus : Cuvier, 1829 : 318 (junior synonym)Le règne animal distribué d'après son organisation, pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée, nouvelle édition. | Whitehead, 1985 : 49 (synonym of Sprattus sprattus) (junior synonym)FAO species catalogue. Vol.7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies & wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae & Pristigasteridae..
Clupea schoneveldii : Kroyer, 1846 : 193, fig. (junior synonym)Danmarks Fiske. | Whitehead, 1985 : 49 (synonym of Sprattus sprattus) (junior synonym)FAO species catalogue. Vol.7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies & wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae & Pristigasteridae..
Clupea papalina : Bonaparte, 1846 : 34 (junior synonym)Catologo metodico dei pesci di europei. | Whitehead, 1985 : 49 (synonym of Sprattus sprattus) (junior synonym)FAO species catalogue. Vol.7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies & wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae & Pristigasteridae..
Spratella pulmila : Valenciennes, 1847 : 357, pl. 600 (junior synonym)Histoire naturelle des poissons. | Whitehead, 1985 : 49 (synonym of Sprattus sprattus) (junior synonym)FAO species catalogue. Vol.7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies & wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae & Pristigasteridae..
Meletta vulgaris : Valenciennes, 1847 : 366, pl. 603 (junior synonym)Histoire naturelle des poissons. | Whitehead, 1985 : 49 (synonym of Sprattus sprattus) (junior synonym)FAO species catalogue. Vol.7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies & wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae & Pristigasteridae..
Clupea sulinae : Antipa, 1906 : 302 (junior synonym)Die Clupeinen des westlichen Teiles des Schwarzen Meeres und der Donaumündungen. | Whitehead, 1985 : 49 (synonym of Sprattus sprattus) (junior synonym)FAO species catalogue. Vol.7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies & wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae & Pristigasteridae..
Clupea sprattus balticus : Schneider, 1908 : 96 (junior synonym)Die Clupeiden der Ostsee. | Whitehead, 1985 : 49 (synonym of Sprattus sprattus) (junior synonym)FAO species catalogue. Vol.7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies & wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae & Pristigasteridae..
Spratella serdinka : Nikolskii, 1923 : 2 (junior synonym)What is serdinka and tyulka of Ochakov fishermen. | Whitehead, 1985 : 49 (synonym of Sprattus sprattus) (junior synonym)FAO species catalogue. Vol.7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies & wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae & Pristigasteridae..

Attributs

DISTRIBUTION: Lien Faunafri
Common names : Sprot (Dutch), Brisling / European sprat / Garvie / Garvock / Sprat / Whitebait (English), Amelette / Esprot / Harenguet / Mélette phalérique / Menuise / Oeillet / Sprat (French), Breitling / Brisling / Sprott (German), Alaccia / Losa / Palaziola / Papalina / Parazzola / Renga / Rengheta / Sadda papalina / Saracchina / Sarachella / Saraghina / Sarda / Sarda d'annata / Sarda fimminedda / Sarda papalina / Sardela / Sardelina / Sardella da liscia / Sardinella / Serretta / Spratto (Italian), Espadilha / Lavadilha (Portuguese), Alatxa / Amploya / Collaca / Espadin / Lacha / Sardina / Trancho (Spanish) .
Current distribution known : restricted to the eastern Atlantic Ocean, where it is known from Scandinavia to Morocco, including the Mediterranean Sea .
Distribution_references : Whitehead, 1985 .
Fisheries / overfishing : Whitehead, 1985 .
Food habits / trophic level : zooplanktivorous species .
Food habits / trophic level_references : Whitehead, 1985 .
Genetics : Lavoué et al., 2013 .
Habitat / home range : a small bodied, pelagic, schooling species. It is tolerant of a wide range of salinities and can be abundant in estuaries (tolerating salinities as low as 4 ppt) .
Habitat_references : Whitehead, 1985 .
Morphology / anatomy : Whitehead, 1985 .
Phylogeny : Lavoué et al., 2013 .
Reproduction : a multiple batch spawner, releasing eggs repeatedly throughout the spawning season. Spawning occurs in both coastal and offshore waters and timing of peak spawning, relative fecundity, and batch fecundity vary significantly between years and regions. In southern European/Mediterranean waters, sprat spawn during winter months (November-April). Spawning generally takes place at night, in surface waters .
Reproduction_references : Whitehead, 1985 .
Size : 160 mm SL .
Types :
- Clupea latulus Cuvier, 1829: 318. No type locality. No types known.
- Clupea papalina Bonaparte, 1846: 34. Type locality: Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). Syntypes ANSP 1263-1267.
- Clupea schoneveldii Kroyer, 1846: 193, fig. Type locality: Baltic Sea, Eckernförde, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. No types known.
- Clupea sprattus balticus Schneider, 1908: 96. Type locality: Baltic Sea. No types known.
- Clupea sprattus Linnaeus, 1758: 318. Type locality: European seas. Syntypes probably LS 46 & 47, others lost.
- Clupea sulinae Antipa, 1904: 302. Type locality: Black Sea and estuary of Sulina Branch, Danube Delta, Romania. No types known.
- Meletta vulgaris Valenciennes, 1847: 366, pl. 603. Type locality: La Rochelle, France. Lectotype MNHN 0000-3717; paralectotypes MNHN B-3094 (ex MNHN 0000-3717).
- Spratella pumila Valenciennes, 1847: 357, pl. 600. Type locality: Normandy coasts, France. No types known.
- Spratella serdinka Nikolskii, 1923: 2. Type locality: Northwestern Black Sea. Syntypes ZIN 21081-21082, 23449.
Use and trade : a species with high commercial importance, used as bait, fish meal and as mink food, and also for human consumption. Utilized fresh, smoked, canned and frozen; can be pan-fried and broiled .