Polypterus bichir Lacépède, 1803 Recherche rapide

Attributs

  • DISTRIBUTION: Lien Faunafri
  • Behaviour / ethology : Moritz & Britz, 2019 .
  • Breathing / respiration_references : Miller, 2011 .
  • Colour pattern : Gosse, 1990 | Gosse & Daget, 2003 | Moritz & Britz, 2019 .
  • Common names : Abshire / Am'korkor / Bichir / Dabib el hut / Emsir (Arabic), Bichir africky / Bichir nilsky / Bichir ploutvickovy / Bichyr ploutvickovy (Czech), Almindelig bikir / Bikir (Danish), Agwer / Ding [Dinka, Northeastern (Dinka): Sudan], Bichir / Nile bichir (English), Niiluse hulkuim (Estonian), Niilinhauki (Finnish), Flösselhecht / Nil-Flösselhecht (German), Gwando (Hausa: Nigeria), Akata [Ijo (Ijaw): Nigeria], Sajige (Jula: Burkina Faso), Gong dongââ / Gong gââl / Gong koïn (Kim: Chad), Kuilwaafo (Mòoré: Burkina Faso), Juath (Nuer: Sudan), Kusakpa (Nupe: Nigeria), Wielopletwiec a. miastuga (Polish), Peixe-manel (Portuguese), Otwel (Shilluk: Sudan), Bichir / Nilfengädda (Swedish), Nagir (Turkana: Kenya), Khâb (Wolof: Senegal), Adagba (Yoruba: Nigeria), Gbaranga / Kuku (Zande: Sudan) .
  • Current distribution known : widely distributed in the major river basins of the Nilo-Sahelo-Sudan region: Nile, Chad, Niger, Volta and Senegal. Additionally in few West African coastal basins: Gambia, Casamance and Geba River. Also distributed in the Katanga area of the Congo basin, mainly the Lualaba River. Occurrences of in Lake Turkana and Ouémé River basin questionable .
  • Distribution_references : Blache et al., 1964 | Daget, 1950 a | Daget, 1958 e | Gosse, 1990 | Gosse & Daget, 2003 | Moritz & Britz, 2019 | Poll, 1941 c | Poll, 1941 d | Poll, 1954 a | Poll, 1973 a .
  • Ecology : Arelief, 1926 | Brüning, 1915 | Johnels, 1954 .
  • Fisheries / overfishing : Blache, Miton & Stauch, 1962 .
  • Food habits / trophic level : essentially piscivorous, it feeds on small fish of all types and on crustaceans .
  • Food habits / trophic level_references : Blache et al., 1964 | Copley, 1958 | Harrington, 1899 a | Moritz & Britz, 2019 | Sandon & Amin Al Tayib: 1953 .
  • Fossils : Daget et al., 2001 | Grandstaff et al., 2012 | Otero et al., 2006 .
  • Genetics : Near et al., 2013 | Suzuki et al., 2010a | Suzuki et al., 2010b .
  • Habitat / home range : inhabits rivers, swamps and lakes. It likes shallow water and will often lie basking for hours near the surface, but when swimming the fish is very pliant, and can turn and twist like an eel .
  • Habits_references : Axelrod, 1957 c | Bridge, 1904 .
  • Morphology / anatomy : Abdel Magid, 1967 b: 19 | Allis, 1900 a | Allis, 1922 | Allis, 1922 | Bridge, 1896 | Britz, 2004 | Brown, 1957 | Budgett, 1900 d | Budgett, 1900 e | Bumiller, 1928 | Bumiller, 1929 | Clemens, 1894 | Daget, 1950 a | Daget, 1958 e | Daget & Desouter, 1983 | Gosse, 1990 | Gosse & Daget, 2003 | Holden, 1971 | Holmgren, 1922 | Hyrtl, 1854 a | Jarvik, 1947 | Jungersen, 1900 | Moritz & Britz, 2019 | Müller, 1841 | Pehrson, 1947 | Peyer & Zangerl, 1968 | Pfeiffer, 1968 a | Poll, 1964 | Poll & Deswattines, 1967 | Tatarko, 1939 .
  • Osteology : Allis, 1900 b | Bamford, 1913 | Bartsch, 1997 | Budgett, 1900 d | Daget, 1958 e | Gegenbauer, 1894 | Sewertzov, 1925 | Traquair, 1871 b: 166 .
  • Phylogeny : Daget & Desouter, 1983 | Near et al., 2013 | Suzuki et al., 2010a | Suzuki et al., 2010b .
  • Physiology / metabolism : Hyrtl, 1869 | Kerr, 1968 | Waldschmidt, 1887 .
  • Reproduction : takes place during flood season and mature fishes enter flood plains for spawning. The eggs are deposited in weeds, where the adult fish guards the eggs and young .
  • Reproduction_references : Blache et al 1964 | Breder & Rosen, 1966 | Brüning, 1915 | Copley, 1958 | Johnels, 1954 | Moritz & Britz, 2019 | Svensson, 1933 .
  • Size : 750 mm SL, 820 mm TL .
  • Types :
    • Polypterus bichir Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1802 a: 97, fig. Type locality: "Nil". Holotype MNHN n° 5761; paratype MNHN n° 5806.
    • Polypterus lapradei Steindachner, 1869 a: 103, fig. Type locality: "bei Podor und Dagana und im Marigot bei Taoué nachst Richardtoll", Senegal. Syntypes NMW.
  • Use and trade : harvested for human consumption, and for the aquarium trade .
  • Zoological_nomenclature / taxonomic information : Moritz & Britz, 2019 .