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Polypterus senegalus Cuvier, 1829 |
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- Polypterus senegalus :
Cuvier, 1829 a : 330, pl. 105, fig. 2Histoire naturelle des poissons.
| Cuvier, 1836 a : 563Le règne animal distribué d'après son organisation, pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée.
| Guichenot, 1839 : 11, pl. 1Monographie de deux genres de poissons, des Lépisostées et des Polyptères, de la famille des Clupéoïdes de Cuvier, et de celle des Siagonotes de Duméril, précédée de quelques considérations sur ces genres.
| Duméril, 1858 d : 264Reptiles et poissons de l'Afrique occidentale. Etude précédée de considérations générales sur leur distribution géographique. (1858-1861).
| Smith, 1865 : 273Notice of the "Etuet", a species of Tetraodon recently received from the Rev. Alexander Robb, Old Calabar.
| Duméril, 1869 : 898Note sur le Polypterus lapradei n. sp. et Polypterus senegalus.
| Steindachner, 1869 a : 106, fig.Polypterus lapradei, n. sp. und Polypterus senegalus Cuvier aus dem Senegal.
| Steindachner, 1869 b : 443Polypterus lapradei n. sp., and Polypterus senegalus.
| Duméril, 1870 c : 394Histoire naturelle des poissons ou ichthyologie générale. II. Ganoïdes, Dipnés, Lophobranches.
| Sauvage, 1880 a : 19Etude sur la faune ichthyologique de l'Ogôoué.
| Rochebrune (de), 1882 : 40Faune de la Sénégambie. Poissons.
| Steindachner, 1882 b : 52, fig.Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Fische Afrika's und Beschreibung einer neuen Sargus-Art von den Galapagos-Inseln.
| Boulenger, 1898 b : 419On the species of Polypterus.
| Boulenger, 1898 e : 6Report on the collection of fishes made by Mr. J. E. S. Moore in lake Tanganyika during his expedition 1895-1896, with an appendix by J. E. S. Moore.
| Boulenger, 1900 d : 511List of the fishes collected by Mr. J. S. Budgett in the river Gambia.
| Budgett, 1900 c : 236Observations on Polypterus and Protopterus.
| Budgett, 1900 d : 323On some points in the anatomy of Polypterus.
| Budgett, 1901 b : 116On the breeding habits of some West African fishes, with an account of the external features in development of Protopterus annectens and a description of the Larva of Polypterus lapradei.
| Flower, 1901 : 969Notes on the fauna of the White Nile and its Tributaries. Fishes.
| Boulenger, 1902 e : 262List of the fishes collected by Mr. W. L. S. Loat at Gondokoro.
| Boulenger, 1902 i : 124, pl. 11, fig. 3On some characters distinguishing the young of various species of Polypterus.
| Boulenger, 1902 l : 325Second account of the fishes collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge in the Niger Delta.
| Boulenger, 1902 n : 447List of the cold blooded vertebrates, hitherto recorded from the Uganda Protectorate.
| Budgett, 1903 a : 10Note on the spiracles of Polypterus.
| Moore, 1903 : 132The Tanganyika Problem. An account of the researches undertaken concerning the existence of marine animals in Central Afrika.
| Bridge, 1904 : 483Fishes (exclusive of the systematic account of Teleostei).
| Werner, 1904 : 271Die Fische der zoologisch - vergleichend - anatomischen Sammlung der Wiener Universität. (1). Teil. Cyclostomen, Chondropterygier, Ganoiden, Dipnoer.
| Boulenger, 1905 c : 36A list of freshwater fishes of Africa.
| Boulenger, 1906 c : 559On a collection of fishes from Gallaland.
| Jurgens, 1906 : 417Drei merkwürdige Fische von der Nigermündung. III. Der Flösselaal, Calamichthys calabaricus Smith.
| Werner, 1906 a : 1119, fig.Ergebnisse der mit Subvention aus der Erbschaft Treitl unternommenen zoologischen Forschungsreise nach dem ägyptischen Sudan und Nord- Uganda. V. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Fischfauna des Nils.
| Boulenger, 1907 l : 11, fig.Zoology of Egypt. The fishes of the Nile published for the Egyptian Government. 2 vol.
| Kerr, 1907 : 73The work of Samual Budgett.
| Allis, 1908 : 217The pseudobranchial and carotid arteries in Polypterus.
| Boulenger, 1909 a : 14, fig. 10Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History).
| Pellegrin, 1909 b : 1344Sur la faune ichthyologique du lac Tchad.
| Pellegrin, 1909 g : 241Poissons de la Komandougou et du lac Tchad récoltés par la mission Tilho-Gaillard.
| Bamford, 1913 : 292Variations in the skeleton of the pectoral fins of Polypterus.
| Pellegrin, 1913 g : 270Sur une collection de poissons du Moyen Niger recueillie par M. le Dr. G. Bouet.
| Guitel, 1914 : 1Contribution à l'étude d'une larve de Polypterus senegalus Cuvier.
| Pellegrin, 1914 j : 175, fig.Les poissons du bassin du Tchad.
| Boulenger, 1916 a : 150Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History).
| Lehn, 1918 : 349Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Primordialschädels von Polypterus.
| Pekkola, 1918 : 97, fig. 7Seasonal occurence and edibility of fish at Khartoum.
| Pekkola, 1919 : 112Notes on the habits, breeding and food of some White Nile fish.
| Pellegrin, 1919 c : 663Nouvelle contribution à la faune ichthyologique du lac Tchad.
| Pellegrin, 1919 g : 204Poissons du Gribingui recueillis par M. Baudon. Description de sept espèces nouvelles.
| Allis, 1922 : 189The cranial anatomy of Polypterus, with special reference to Polypterus bichir.
| Pellegrin, 1922 i : 635Les poissons des eaux douces de l'Afrique occidentale.
| Pellegrin, 1923 b : 36Les poissons des eaux douces de l'Afrique occidentale (du Sénégal au Niger).
| Arefief, 1926 : 110Structure of the uro-genital system in Polypterus.
| Frankenberger, 1926 : 1713. Ueber die morphologische Bedeutung der Haftorgane bei den Larven einiger niederer Vertebraten.
| Sewertzov, 1926 : 274Ueber den Bau und die Funktion der Ripper von Polypterus.
| Holly, 1927 a : 130Fische aus dem Niger, gesammelt von Herrn A. Weidholz.
| Worthington, 1929 b : 68A report on the fishing survey of lakes Albert and Kioga (March to July 1928).
| Fowler, 1930 : 49The fresh-water fishes obtained by the Gray African expedition 1929. With notes on other species in the Academy collection.
| Holly, 1930 a : 275Synopsis der Süsswasserfische Kameruns.
| Holly, 1933 : 16, fig. 26Dipneusti.
| Pellegrin, 1933 c : 103Voyage de Ch. Alluaud et P. A. Chappuis en Afrique occidentale française (déc. 1930-mars 1931). IV : Poissons.
| Pfaff, 1933 : 275Report on the fishes collected by Mr. Harry Madsen during Professor O. Olufsen's Expedition to French Sudan in the years 1927-1928.
| Poll, 1933 a : 111, fig. 2Contribution à la faune ichthyologique du Katanga.
| Svensson, 1933 : 23Fresh-water fishes from the Gambia river (British West Africa). Results of the Swedish expedition 1931.
| Flower, 1935 : 272Further notes on the duration of life in animals. 1. Fishes : as determined by otolith and scalereadings and direct observations on living animals.
| Pellegrin, 1935 g : 132Pisces. Mission scientifique de l'Omo.
| Pellegrin, 1935 j : 415La faune ichthyologique du lac Rodolphe.
| Fowler, 1936 b : 245Zoological results of the George Vanderbilt African expedition of 1934. III. The fresh-water fishes.
| Worthington & Ricardo, 1936 a : 368Scientific results of the Cambridge expedition to the East African lakes, 1930-1931. Nr 15. The fish of Lake Rudolf and Lake Baringo.
| David & Poll, 1937 : 248Contribution à la faune ichthyologique du Congo belge : collections du Dr. H. Schouteden (1924-1926) et d'autres récolteurs.
| Dunglas, 1937 : 357La pêche dans le Bas-Ouémé.
| Brien, 1938 : 129La plaine du Kamolondo, son aspect naturel, sa faune, ses feux de brousse.
| Poll, 1938 b : 398, fig. 7Poissons du Katanga (bassin du Congo) récoltés par le Professeur Paul Brien.
| Bertin, 1940 : 247Catalogue des types de poissons du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 2e partie. (Dipneustes, Chondrostéens, Holostéens, Isospondyles).
| Monard, 1940 : 94Résultats de la mission scientifique du Dr. Monard en Guinée Portugaise, 1937-38. VII. Poissons.
| Poll, 1940 : 108Les Polyptères.
| Copley, 1941 : 13A short account of the freshwater fishes of Kenya.
| Poll, 1942 a : 278, fig.Contribution à l'étude systématique des Polypteridae (Pisces) (suite et fin).
| Tortonese, 1943 a : 361Pisces. In Missione biologica Sagan-Omo.
| Fang, 1944 : 191Poissons d'Afrique recueillis par Henri Lhote, chargé de la mission Lebaudy, 1933.
| Jarvik, 1947 : 60Notes on the pitlines and dermal bones of the head in Polypterus.
| Pehrson, 1947 : 339Some new interpretations of the skull in Polypterus.
| Trewavas & Irvine, 1947 : 222Freshwater fishes of the Gold Coast.
| Daget, 1948 a : 86Note sur les Polypterus du Niger Moyen, notamment ceux de l'espèce senegalus.
| Daget, 1948 c : 10La collection des poissons d'eau douce de l'I.F.A.N.
| Girgis, 1948 : 122A list of common fish of the upper Nile with their Shilluk, Dinka and Nuer names.
| Monod, 1949 a : 5Données statistiques et biologiques sur quelques poissons du Niger Moyen.
| Daget, 1950 a Révisions des affinités phylogénétiques des Polyptéridés.
| Sandon, 1950 : 19An illustrated guide to the freshwater fishes of the Sudan.
| Daget, 1951 b : 1141Poissons d'eau douce nouvellement entrés dans les collections de l'I.F.A.N.
| Thomopoulos, 1951 : 67Sur la thyroïde de Polypterus senegalus Cuv.
| Copley, 1952 a : 185, fig. 120The game fishes of Africa.
| Sandon & Amin Al Tayib, 1953 : 209The food of some common Nile fish.
| Johnels, 1954 : 349Notes on fishes from the Gambia river.
| Greenwood, 1955 a : 143, fig. 2The fishes of Uganda. I.
| El Toubi & Abdel Aziz, 1956 : 1On the chondrocranium and cranial nerves of larval Polypterus.
| Abdel Aziz, 1957 : 79Notes on the anatomy of larval Polypterus.
| Axelrod, 1957 c : 4In passing... (collecting in Nigeria).
| Brown, 1957 : 368The physiology of fishes. 1. Metabolisme.
| Copley, 1958 : 39Common freshwater fishes of East Africa.
| Daget, 1958 e : 2501Sous-classe des Brachiopterygii.
| Greenwood, 1958 c : 11The fishes of Uganda. Kampala.
| Olsson, 1958 : 71Studies on the subcommissural organ.
| Pehrson, 1958 : 241The early ontogeny of the sensory lines and the dermal skull in Polypterus.
| Oliva & Opatrny, 1959 a : 191Notes to the genus Polypterus E. Geoffroy St. Hilaire with regard to specimens kept in our collections. English summary.
| Verbeke, 1959 : 47Le régime alimentaire des poissons des lacs Edouard et Albert.
| Angel, 1962 : 73Atlas des poissons. IV. Poissons des eaux douces. Espèces exotiques et d'ornement. Aquariophilie.
| Kähsbauer
, 1962 : 140Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Fischfauna von Nigeria.
| Holden, 1963 : 15The populations of fish in dry season pools of the River Sokoto.
| Hopson, 1963 : 18Report of the Federal Fisheries Service 1961-62 and 1962-63. App. A and App. B.
| Amirthalingham, 1964 : 237Macrogyrodactylus polypteri Malberg on Polypterus senegalus in the Sudan.
| Arnoult, 1964 : 2Comportement et reproduction en captivité de Polypterus senegalus (Cuvier).
| Brien, 1964 b : 385Les sacs gazeux des vertébrés primitifs.
| Daget et al., 1964 : 201Développement du chondrocrâne et des arcs aortiques chez Polypterus senegalus Cuvier.
| Follett & Heller, 1964 : 100The neurohypophysial hormones of lungfishes and amphibians.
| Matthes, 1964 c : 18La zoogéographie des poissons dulcaquicoles africains.
| Abdel Aziz, 1965 b : 149The development of the hyoid arch in some Nile bony fishes larvae.
| Daget et al., 1965 : 298Etude de la croissance chez Polypterus senegalus Cuvier.
| Abdel Magid, 1966 : 530Breathing and function of the spiracles in Polypterus senegalus.
| Arnoult, 1966 : 135Behavior and breeding in the aquarium of Polypterus senegalus.
| Breder & Rosen, 1966 : 65Modes of reproduction in fishes.
| Abdel Magid, 1967 a : 1096Respiration of air by the primitive fish Polypterus senegalus.
| Abdel Magid, 1967 b : 19Observations on the venous system of three species of Polypterus (Pisces).
| Abu Gideiri, 1967 b : 348Fishes of the Blue Nile, between Khartoum and Roseires.
| François, 1967 : 155Structures vertébrales des Actinoptérygiens.
| Manski & Et Al., 1967 : 475On the use of antigenic relationships among species for the study of molecular evolution. 2. The lens proteins of the Choanichthyes and early Actinopterygii.
| Olsson, 1967 : 455Evolutionary significance of the "prolactin" cells in teleostomean fishes.
| Daget, 1968 a : 7Distribution des poissons d'eau douce dans l'Ouest africain (Pisces).
| Kerr, 1968 : 23The pituitary in polypterines and its relationship to other fish pituitaries.
| Nicoll & Bern, 1968 : 5Further analysis of the occurence of pigeon crop sac-stimulating activity (prolactin) in the vertebrate adenohypophysis.
| Pfeiffer, 1968 a : 75Das Geruchtsorgan der Polypteridae (Pisces, Brachiopterygii).
| De Smet, 1969 : 97On the development of the venous system in Polypterus senegalus (Pisces).
| Nieuwenhuys et al., 1969 : 101Le développement du télencéphale d'un poisson osseux primitif, Polypterus senegalus Cuvier.
| Pfeiffer, 1969 : 151Der Geruchssin der Polypteridae (Pisces, Brachiopterygii).
| Sawyer, 1969 : 421The active neurohypophysial principles of two primitive bony fishes, the bichir (Polypterus senegalus) and the African lungfish (Protopterus aethiopicus).
| Thomopoulos, 1969 a : 306(1) Les premières ébauches du système Latéral sensoriel chez Polypterus senegalus - Poisson - Brachioptérygien (Démonstration).
| Thomopoulos, 1969 b : 307(2) Ebauche et développement de la glande thyroïde chez Polypterus senegalus - Poisson - Brachioptérygien (Démonstration).
| Abdel Magid et al., 1970 : 27Respiratory function of the swim-bladders of the primitive fish Polypterus senegalus.
| Marshall, 1970 : 81, fig.La vie des poissons. Tome I et II.
| Daget, 1971 b : 82Poissons.
| Durand, 1971 : 147Les peuplements ichthyologiques de l'El Beïd. 2ème note : Variations inter et intraspécifiques.
| Fowler, 1971 : 30A catalog of World fishes (14).
| Goldstein, 1971 b : 57Diseases of aquarium fishes.
| Hayashida, 1971 : 275Biological and immunochemical studies with growth hormone in pituitary extracts of holostean and chondrostean fishes.
| Holden, 1971 : 135Significance of sexual dimorphism of the anal fin of Polypteridae.
| Loiselle, 1971 a : 32The fishes of the headwaters of the Zio River.
| Reynolds, 1971 b : 3A guide to the external sexing of some West African freshwater fishes.
| Thomopoulos, 1971 : 2134Naissance et individualisation de l'ébauche thyroïdienne chez Polypterus senegalus Cuv. (Poisson - Brachioptérygien).
| Welcomme, 1971 b : 129A description of certain indigenous fishing methods from southern Dahomey.
| Cihar, 1972 : 221Revision der Fische der Familie Polypteridae aus den Sammlungen des Senckenberg Museums in Frankfurt am Main.
| Reizer et al., 1972 a : 111Contribution à l'étude de la faune ichthyologique du bassin du fleuve Sénégal : I. Polypteridae.
| Vokac et al., 1972 : 461The in vitro respiratory properties of blood of the primitive fish Polypterus senegalus.
| Nishimura et al., 1973 : 950Renin-angiotensin system in primitive bony fishes and a holocephalian.
| Grabda, 1974 : 419On niektorych pasozytach ryb tropikalnych, hodowanych w akwariach.
| Kassem, 1974 : 163The comparative morphology and development of the orbitotemporal region of some bony fishes.
| Thomopoulos, 1974 : 1713Apparition et évolution de la glande thyroïde au cours de l'ontogenèse chez Polypterus senegalus Cuv. (Pisces, Brachiopterygii).
| Abdel Magid, 1975 : 447The epithelium of the gastro-intestinal tract of Polypterus senegalus (Pisces : Brachiopterygii).
| Abdel Magid & Babiker, 1975 : 359Oxygen consumption and respiratory behaviour of three Nile fishes.
| De Smet, 1975 a : 3Les premiers stades de développement du feuillet mésodermique chez Polypterus senegalus Cuvier.
| Roberts, 1975 : 296Geographical distribution of African freshwater fishes.
| Platel et al., 1976 : 710L'organisation encéphalique chez trois poissons ganoides : Amie, lepisostee et polyptère.
| Urushido et al., 1977 : 95, 96A karyotype study of polypterid fishes, with notes on their phyletic relationship.
| Banister & Bailey, 1979 : 211Fishes collected by the Zaïre river expedition 1974-1975.
| Reid & Sydenham, 1979 : 46A checklist of lower Benue river fishes and an ichthyogeographical review of the Benue River (West Africa).
| Repérant
et al., 1979 : 947Analyse radioautographique des projections rétiniennes chez le poisson osseux primitif Polypterus senegalus C.
| Jones, 1980 : 25Proteocephalus pentastoma (Klaptocz, 1906) and Polyonchobothrium polypteri (Leydig, 1853) from species of Polypterus Geoffroy, 1802 in the Sudan.
| Lauder, 1980 : 283Evolution of the feeding mechanism in primitive actinopterygian fishes : a functional anatomical analysis of Polypterus, Lepisosteus and Amia.
| Vasil'ev, 1980 : 3Chromosome numbers in fish-like vertebrates and fish.
| Daget & Durand, 1981 : 755, fig. 91Poissons.
| Albaret, 1982 : 364, 368Reproduction et fécondité des poissons d'eau douce de Côte d'Ivoire.
| Hickley & Bailey, 1987 a : 151, 154, 155, 158Food and feeding relationships of fish in the Sudd swamps (River Nile, southern Sudan).
| Suzuki et al., 1988 : 299-302Banding chromosome study of African fish family Polypteridae (Pisces: Polypteriformes).
| Lévêque et al., 1989 : 109, 113Inventaire taxinomique et distribution des poissons d'eau douce des bassins côtiers de Guinée et de Guinée Bissau.
| Paugy & Bénech, 1989 : 299, 305Les poissons d'eau douce des bassins côtiers du Togo (Afrique de l'Ouest).
| Lévêque et al., 1991 : 134Annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of the Nilo-sudan river basins, in Africa.
| Vivien, 1991 : 98, 115, fig. 12 (p. 159)Faune du Cameroun. Guide des mammifères et des poissons.
| Bailey, 1994 : 940, 941Guide to the fishes of the River Nile in the Republic of the Sudan.
| Paugy et al., 1994 : 49, 50Faune ichtyologique des eaux douces d'Afrique de l'Ouest.
| Entsua-Mensah et al., 1995 : 37Length-weight relationships of fishes from tributaries of the Volta River, Ghana: Part 1. Analysis of pooled data sets.
| Klinkhardt et al., 1995 : 37Database of fish chromosomes.
| Laë, 1995 : 50Climatic and anthropogenic effects on fish biodiversity and fish yields in the central delta of the Niger River.
| Moreau et al., 1995 : 7, 125Atlas démographique des populations de poissons d'eau douce d'Afrique.
| Poll & Gosse, 1995 : 28Genera des poissons d'eau douce de l'Afrique.
| Diouf, 1996 : 130Les peuplements de poissons des milieux estuariens de l'Afrique de l'Ouest: L'exemple de l'estuaire hyperhalin du Sine-Saloum.
| Paperna, 1996 : 109Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update.
| Bartsch, 1997 : 371Aspects of craniogenesis and evolutionary biology in polypteriform fishes.
| Britz & Bartsch, 1998 : 325On the reproduction and early development of Erpetoichthys calabaricus, Polypterus senegalus, and Polypterus ornatipinnis (Actinopterygii: Polypteridae).
| Dankwa et al., 1999 : 11, fig. 3bFreshwater fishes of Ghana: identification, distribution, ecological and economic importance.
| Daget et al., 2001 : 115, 117, 118Major discoveries on the dermal skeleton of fossil and recent polypteriforms: a review.
| Hall, 2001 : 405John Samuel Budgett (1872-1904): In Pursuit of Polypterus.
| Tytell & Lauder, 2002 : 3591-2593, 2595, 2597, 2599-2602The C-start escape response of Polypterus senegalus: bilateral muscle activity and variation during stage 1 and 2.
| Dankwa, 2003 a : 224Traditional knowledge of freshwater fishes in some fishing communities in Ghana.
| Dankwa, 2003 b : 23-24Biology of Polypterus senegalus (Pisces, Polyteridae) in the Pru River, Ghana.
| Britz, 2004 : 184Polypterus teugelsi, a new species of bichir from the Upper Cross River system in Cameroon (Actinopterygii: Cladistia: Polypteridae).
| Lalèyè et al., 2004 : 334, 337Étude de la diversité ichtyologique du basin du fleuve Ouémé au Bénin (Afrique de l'Ouest).
| Lalèyè, 2006 : 331, 332Length-weight and length-length relationships of fishes from the Ouémé River in Bénin (West Africa).
| Otero et al., 2006 : 228, 235A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad.
| Bruet et al., 2008 : 748, 749, 750, 751, 752, 753, 754, 755Materials design principles of ancient fish armour.
| Claeson & Hagadorn, 2008 : 2, 4The occipital region in the basal bony fish Erpetoichthys calabaricus (Actinopterygii: Cladistia).
| Morescalchi et al., 2008 : 179-184Karyotypic characterization and genomic organization of the 5S rDNA in Polypterus senegalus (Osteichthyes, Polypteridae).
| Offem et al., 2008 b : 135Reproductive aspects of common freshwater fishes in the Cross River, Nigeria.
| Prikrylova & Gelnar, 2008 : 1-5, 7The first record of Macrogyrodactylus species (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae) on freshwater fishes in Senegal with the description of Macrogyrodactylus simentiensis sp. nov., a parasite of Polypterus senegalus Cuvier.
| Offem et al., 2009 : 66, 67Length-weight relationship, condition factor and sex ratio of forty six important fishes in a tropical flood river.
| Prikrylova et al., 2009 : 555, 557, 558A new Gyrodactylid (Monogenea) genus on gray bichir, Polypterus senegalus (Polypteridae) from Senegal (West Africa).
| Zeiske et al., 2009 : 261, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274Early ontogeny of the olfactory organ in a basal actinopterygian fish: Polypterus.
| Reichert, 2010 : 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 28, 31, 32,33, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 63, 63, 67, 68, 70, 72, 78, 87, 88, 92, fig. 1, 2, 12, 16Reverse engineering nature: design principles for flexible protection inspired by ancient fish armor of Polypteridae.
| Miller, 2011 : 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 28, 29, 30, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 42, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 53Polypterus breathing physiology: an investigation of spiracle use for inhalation.
| Cuervo et al., 2012 : 3839, 3842Full regeneration of the tribasal Polypterus fin.
| Grandstaff et al., 2012 : 21Bawitius, Gen. nov., a giant polypterid (Osteichthyes, Actinopterygii) from the Upper Cretaceous Bahariya a formation of Egypt.
| Near et al., 2013 : 1016, 1017, 1019Boom and bust: ancient and recent diversification in bichirs (Polypteridae: Actinopterygii), a relictual lineage of ray-finned fishes.
| Krysanov & Golubtsov, 2014 : 889-891Karyotypes of four fish species from the Nile and OmoTurkana basins in Ethiopia.
| Moelants, 2015 : 65Diversity and ecology of the ichthyofauna of the Middle and Upper Congo basin: a case-study in the region of the Wagenia falls (Democratic Republic of the Congo).
| Wilhelm et al., 2015 : 513, 514, 515Polypterus and the evolution of fish pectoral musculature.
| Lederoun et al., 2016 : 267, 269, 270, 271Length-weight and length-length relationships and condition factors of 30 actinopterygian fish from the Mono basin (Benin and Togo, West Africa).
| Moritz, 2016 : 83-86Fishery impact on bichirs (Polypteridae, Teleostei) in the Pendjari River (Benin).
| Neumann et al., 2016 : 303, 308, 313Annotated checklist for fishes of the Main Nile Basin in the Sudan and Egypt based on recent specimen records (2006-2015).
| Trape, 2016 : 530, 535A new cichlid fish in the Sahara: the Ounianga Serir lakes (Chad), a biodiversity hotspot in the desert.
| Vandenplas et al., 2016 : 1-4, 12-16Epithelial label-retaining cells are absent during tooth cycling in Salmo salar and Polypterus senegalus.
| Molnar et al., 2017 : 532, 533, 534, 536, 537, 538Musculoskeletal anatomy of the pelvic fin of Polypterus: implications for phylogenetic distribution and homology of pre- and postaxial pelvic appendicular muscles.
| Foster et al., 2018 : 1-8, 10-12Fin and body neuromuscular coordination changes during walking and swimming in Polypterus senegalus.
| Znotinas, 2018 : 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 38, 39, 41, 42, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 78Sensory capabilities of Polypterus senegalus in quatic and terrestrial environments.
| Cuervo-Gonzalez et al., 2019 : 155, 156Allometric growth and reduced pectoral fin regeneration rate in terrestrialized Polypterus senegalus.
| Moritz & Britz, 2019 : 1, 2, 5, 10, 14, 15, 37, 46, 51, 57, 63, 67, 69, 73-82, 88, 91, 92, fig. 8b, 53, 54, 55, 56Revision of the extant Polypteridae (Actinopterygii: Cladistia).
| Moritz et al., 2019 a : 139, 145, 149New and rare records of fishes from the White Nile in the Republic of the Sudan.
| Helfenrath et al., 2021 : 1, 2, 5, 7, 9The more, themerrier? Multiple myoglobin genes in fish species, especially in gray bichir (Polypterus senegalus) and reedfish (Erpetoichthys calabaricus).
| Lutek & Standen, 2021 : 1-3, 5-10Increasing viscosity helps explain locomotor control in swimming Polypterus senegalus.
| Flerova & Evdokimov, 2022 : 1, 2, 6, 12, 13, 14Microanatomy and ultrastructure of Senegal bichir (Polypterus senegalus).
| Sakuma et al., 2022 : 1, 2, 3A transcriptomic reevaluation of the accessory olfactory organ in Bichir (Polypterus senegalus)..
- Polypterus senegalensis (part.) :
Günther, 1869 b : 268 (misidentification)The fishes of the Nile.
| Gosse, 1984 : 27 (synonym of Polypterus senegalus senegalus) (misidentification)5. Polypteridae..
- Polypterus bichir (part.) :
Günther, 1870 : 326 (misidentification)Catalogue of the fishes of the British Museum, vol. 8 : Physostomi, Lophobranchii, Plectognathi, Dipnoi, Ganoidei, Chondropterygii, Cyclostomata, Leptocardii.
| Gosse, 1984 : 27 (synonym of Polypterus senegalus senegalus) (misidentification)5. Polypteridae..
- Polypterus arnaudii :
Duméril, 1870 c : pl. 23, fig. 2 (junior synonym)Histoire naturelle des poissons ou ichthyologie générale. II. Ganoïdes, Dipnés, Lophobranches.
| Boulenger, 1907 l : 11 (junior synonym)Zoology of Egypt. The fishes of the Nile published for the Egyptian Government. 2 vol.
| Gosse, 1984 : 27 (synonym of Polypterus senegalus senegalus) (junior synonym)5. Polypteridae..
- Polypterus senegalensis :
Steindachner, 1870 e : 578 (missprint)Zur Fischfauna des Senegal.
| Zograff, 1887 : 70 (missprint)On some of the affinities between the Ganoidei, Chondrostei, and other fishes.
| Brüning
, 1915 : 549 (missprint)Flösselhecht und Flösselaal.
| Klika & Lelek, 1967 : 171 (missprint)A contribution to the study of the lungs of the Protopterus annectens and Polypterus senegalensis.
| Roberts, 1967 a : 11 (missprint)A provisional check-list of the fresh-water fishes of the Volta Basin, with notes on species of possible economic importance.
| Gosse, 1984 : 27 (synonym of Polypterus senegalus senegalus) (missprint)5. Polypteridae.
| Adams-Sow, 1996 : 33, fig. (missprint)Poissons et pêches du fleuve Sénégal..
- Polypterus bichir (non Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 1802) :
Günther, 1896 c : 218 (misidentification)Report on a collection of fishes made by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith during his expedition to lake Rudolf.
| Gosse, 1984 : 27 (synonym of Polypterus senegalus senegalus) (misidentification)5. Polypteridae..
- Polypterus lapradei (non Steindachner, 1869) :
Budgett, 1901 b : 116 (misidentification)On the breeding habits of some West African fishes, with an account of the external features in development of Protopterus annectens and a description of the Larva of Polypterus lapradei.
| Gosse, 1984 : 28 (synonym of Polypterus senegalus senegalus) (misidentification)5. Polypteridae..
- Polypterus delhezi (non Boulenger, 1899) :
Pellegrin, 1904 d : 310 (misidentification)Poissons du Chari et du lac Tchad, récoltés par la mission Chevalier- Decorse.
| Gosse, 1984 : 27 (synonym of Polypterus senegalus senegalus) (misidentification)5. Polypteridae..
- Polypterus senegalus senegalus :
Poll, 1941 c : 148 (senior synonym)Contribution à l'étude systématique des Polypteridae (Pisces).
| Poll, 1941 d : 158 (senior synonym)Les tendances évolutives de Polyptères d'après l'étude systématique des espèces.
| Poll, 1942 a : 283 (senior synonym)Contribution à l'étude systématique des Polypteridae (Pisces) (suite et fin).
| Daget, 1954 : 48, fig. 5 (senior synonym)Les poissons du Niger supérieur.
| Poll, 1954 a : 285 (senior synonym)Zoogéographie des Protoptères et des Polyptères.
| Daget, 1956 b : 167 (senior synonym)Le parc national du Niokolo-Koba. VII. Poissons.
| Daget, 1957 b : 336 (senior synonym)Données récentes sur la biologie des poissons dans le delta central du Niger.
| Daget, 1957 c : 119 (senior synonym)Les poissons. In Les eaux et les poissons de Haute Volta.
| Daget, 1958 e : 2500 (senior synonym)Sous-classe des Brachiopterygii.
| Oliva & Opatrny, 1959 a : 191 (senior synonym)Notes to the genus Polypterus E. Geoffroy St. Hilaire with regard to specimens kept in our collections. English summary.
| Daget, 1960 b : 614 (senior synonym)La faune ichthyologique du bassin de la Gambie.
| Arnoult, 1961 : 391 (senior synonym)Premières observations en captivité sur un poisson de la famille des Polypteridae : Polypterus senegalus senegalus (Cuvier). Comportement sexuel et ponte provoquée.
| Daget, 1961 e : 326 (senior synonym)Le parc national du Niokolo-Koba. Fasc. 2 (35) : Poissons.
| Daget, 1961 g : 70 (senior synonym)Report on the Kainji dam project (Fisheries). Hydrobiology and inland fisheries. Fourth symposium. River basins subject to heavy seasonal floods.
| Gras, 1961 : 586 (senior synonym)Liste des poissons du Bas Dahomey, faisant partie de la collection du laboratoire d'hydrobiologie du service des eaux, forêts et chasses du Dahomey.
| Arnoult, 1962 : 2829 (senior synonym)Ponte naturelle suivie d'éclosions chez Polypterus senegalus (Cuvier).
| Blache et al., 1962 : 63 (senior synonym)Première contribution à la connaissance de la pêche dans le bassin hydrographique Logone-Chari Lac Tchad.
| Daget & Stauch, 1963 a : 85 (senior synonym)Poissons de la partie camerounaise du bassin de la Bénoué.
| Blache et al., 1964 : 265, fig. 144 (senior synonym)Les poissons du bassin du Tchad et du bassin adjacent du Mayo-Kebbi. Etude systématique et biologique.
| Poll, 1964 : 52 (senior synonym)Une famille dulcicole nouvelle de poissons africains : les Congothrissidae.
| Daget & Iltis, 1965 : 318, fig. 207 (senior synonym)Poissons de Côte d'Ivoire (eaux douces et saumâtres).
| Miton, 1965 : 85 (senior synonym)La pêche et les poissons des bassins du Chari, du Logone et du Mayo-Kebbi (République du Tchad).
| Roman, 1966 : 20 (senior synonym)Les poissons des hauts-bassins de la Volta.
| Poll & Deswattines, 1967 : 1 (senior synonym)Etude systématique des appareils respiratoire et circulatoire des Polypteridae.
| De Smet, 1970 : 393 (senior synonym)On the interrenal cell-groups of the Polypteridae (Pisces).
| Fowler, 1971 : 30 (senior synonym)A catalog of World fishes (14).
| Reizer et al., 1972 a : 116 (senior synonym)Contribution à l'étude de la faune ichthyologique du bassin du fleuve Sénégal : I. Polypteridae.
| Roman, 1972 : 12 (senior synonym)La Haute-Volta, carrefour ichthyologique.
| Lewis, 1974 b : 288 (senior synonym)The effects of the formation of Lake Kainji (Nigeria) upon the indigenous fish population.
| Roman, 1974 : 40 (senior synonym)Complément d'information sur les poissons des hauts-bassins du fleuve Volta. (Première note).
| De Smet, 1975 b : 29 (senior synonym)Sur l'origine des cavités coelomiques et du coeur chez les Polyptères (Pisces).
| De Smet, 1975 c : 45 (senior synonym)Le développement du cloaque et ses transformations ultérieures chez les polyptères (Pisces).
| De Smet, 1975 d : 73 (senior synonym)Les composants métamériques de la région occipitale des Polyptères (Pisces).
| De Smet, 1975 e : 95 (senior synonym)Considérations sur le développement des gonades et des gonoductes chez les Polyptères (Pisces).
| Daget & Écoutin
, 1976 : 59 (senior synonym)Modèles mathématiques de production applicables aux poissons tropicaux subissant un arrˆt annuel prolongé de croissance.
| De Smet, 1980 Cichlidae (part 4). Sense-organs, behaviour.
| De Smet, 1981 Les Structures pronéphrétiques des polyptères (Poissons brachioptérygiens).
| Burgess, 1983 : 17 (senior synonym)Bichirs and Rope fish.
| Daget & Desoutter, 1983 : 661-670, 673 (senior synonym)Essai de classification cladistique des Polyptéridés (Pisces, Brachiopterygii).
| Gosse, 1984 : 26-28 (senior synonym)5. Polypteridae.
| Gosse, 1990 : 84-85 fig. 5.6 (senior synonym)5. Polypteridae.
| Robins et al., 1991 : 56 (senior synonym)World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada.
| Adite & van Thielen, 1995 : 381, 386 (senior synonym)Ecology and fish catches in natural lakes of Benin, West Africa.
| Fritzsch & Moller, 1995 : 51-53 (senior synonym)A history of electroreception.
| Olaosebikan & Raji, 1998 : 13 (senior synonym)Field guide to Nigerian freshwater fishes.
| Daget et al., 2001 : 116 (senior synonym)Major discoveries on the dermal skeleton of fossil and recent polypteriforms: a review.
| Gosse & Daget, 2003 : 108-110, fig. 5.5 (senior synonym)5. Polypteridae.
| Okeyo, 2003 a : 255 (senior synonym)Taxonomy, common names and distribution of fish in the eastern arm of the Rift Valley drainage, Kenya.
| Seegers et al., 2003 : 28, fig. 3 (senior synonym)Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Kenya (excluding the lacustrine haplochromines from Lake Victoria).
| Getahun, 2007 c : 93 (senior synonym)An overview of the diversity and conservation status of the Ethiopian freshwater fauna.
| Suzuki et al., 2010 a : 3, 4, 6, 8, 9 (senior synonym)The mitochondrial phylogeny of an ancient lineage of ray-finned fishes (Polypteridae) with implications for the evolution of body elongation, pelvic fin loss, and craniofacial morphology in Osteichthyes.
| Suzuki et al., 2010 b : 2, 3, 4 (senior synonym)The mitochondrial phylogeny of an ancient lineage of ray-finned fishes (Polypteridae) with implications for the evolution of body elongation, pelvic fin loss, and craniofacial morphology in Osteichthyes..
- Polypterus senegalus meridionalis :
Poll, 1941 c : 146, 151 (junior synonym)Contribution à l'étude systématique des Polypteridae (Pisces).
| Poll, 1942 a : 279, fig. 16-18 (junior synonym)Contribution à l'étude systématique des Polypteridae (Pisces) (suite et fin).
| Poll, 1954 a : 285 (junior synonym)Zoogéographie des Protoptères et des Polyptères.
| Daget, 1958 e : 2518 (junior synonym)Sous-classe des Brachiopterygii.
| De Smet, 1958 : 123 (junior synonym)A la recherche des Polyptères (Polypteridae) au Congo belge.
| Poll, 1958 b : 633 (junior synonym)La faune Ichthyologique du Congo.
| De Smet, 1959 : 24 (junior synonym)La polipteroj, strangaj Afrikaj fisoj.
| Oliva & Opatrny, 1959 a : 191 (junior synonym)Notes to the genus Polypterus E. Geoffroy St. Hilaire with regard to specimens kept in our collections. English summary.
| Lambert, 1960 : 7, fig. 5 (junior synonym)Les poissons d'aquarium du bassin du Congo.
| Gosse, 1963 : 171 (junior synonym)Le milieu aquatique et l'écologie des poissons dans la région de Yangambi.
| Poll, 1963 : 101 (junior synonym)Zoogéographie ichthyologique du cours supérieur du Lualaba (Introduction à une zoogéographie ichthyologique causale du Katanga).
| Poll & Gosse, 1963 b : 66 (junior synonym)Contribution à l'étude systématique de la faune ichthyologique du Congo central.
| Poll, 1964 : 52 (junior synonym)Une famille dulcicole nouvelle de poissons africains : les Congothrissidae.
| Poll & Deswattines, 1967 Etude systématique des appareils respiratoire et circulatoire des Polypteridae.
| De Smet, 1970 : 395 (junior synonym)On the interrenal cell-groups of the Polypteridae (Pisces).
| Fowler, 1971 : 30 (junior synonym)A catalog of World fishes (14).
| Poll, 1976 b : 29 (junior synonym)Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba. Mission G. F. de Witte: Poissons.
| Burgess, 1983 : 14 (junior synonym)Bichirs and rope fish.
| Daget & Desoutter, 1983 : 661-670, 673 (junior synonym)Essai de classification cladistique des Polyptéridés (Pisces, Brachiopterygii).
| Gosse, 1984 : 28-29 (junior synonym)5. Polypteridae.
| Gosse, 1990 : 85 (junior synonym)5. Polypteridae.
| Fritzsch & Moller, 1995 : 51-53 (junior synonym)A history of electroreception.
| Daget et al., 2001 : 116 (junior synonym)Major discoveries on the dermal skeleton of fossil and recent polypteriforms: a review.
| Moritz & Britz, 2019 : 73 (synonym of Polypterus senegalus) (junior synonym)Revision of the extant Polypteridae (Actinopterygii: Cladistia)..
Attributs
- DISTRIBUTION: Lien Faunafri
-
Breathing / respiration_references :
Miller, 2011
.
-
Chromosomes :
Klinkhardt et al., 1995
|
Krysanov & Golubsov, 2014
|
Morescalchi et al., 2008
|
Suzuki et al., 1988
|
Urushido et al., 1977
|
Vasil'ev, 1980
.
-
Colour pattern :
Gosse, 1990
|
Gosse & Daget, 2003
|
Moritz & Britz, 2019
.
-
Common names :
Otel (Alur: Democratic Republic of the Congo), Otell (Alur: Uganda), Abshir / Abshire / Bichir / Dabib el hut / Emsir (Arabic), Bichir senegalsky (Czech), Senegal-bikir (Danish), Agwer / Ding [Dinka, Northeastern (Dinka): Sudan], Bichir / Gray bichir / Sail-fin / Sénégal bichir (English), Senegali hulkuim (Estonian), Adeke / Alidekae / Dégé / Deka (Ewe: Ghana / Togo), Viherniilinhauki (Finnish), Sanmeki (Ga: Ghana), Senegal-Flösselhecht (German), Mtonta [Gungu (Lugungu): Uganda], Gwando (Hausa: Nigeria), Agada / Akata [Ijo (Ijaw): Nigeria], Sajige (Jula: Burkina Faso), Gong kakarte / Gong kekerte (Kim: Chad), Jeyei / Keskla / Kutenkellie (Krio: Sierra Leone), Kutenkellie (Limba, west-central: Sierra Leone), Sayo [Mandinka (Mandingo): Gambia], Jeyei (Mende: Sierra Leone), Kuilwaafo (Mooré: Burkina Faso), Kambanioka (Bahema: Democratic Republic of the Congo), Juath (Nuer: Sudan), Kusakpa (Nupe: Nigeria), Wielopletwiec senegalski (Polish), Otwel (Shilluk: Sudan), Keskia (Themne: Sierra Leone), Nagir / Nagiri (Turkana: Kenya), Khâb / Khabé (Wolof: Senegal), Sannka [Wolof (Yollof): Gambia], Adagba (Yoruba: Nigeria), Gbaranga / Kuku (Zande: Sudan)
.
-
Condition / length-weight relationship :
Dankwa, 2003b
|
Entsua-Mensah et al., 1995
|
Lalèyè, 2006
|
Lederoun et al., 2016
|
Offem et al., 2009
.
-
Current distribution known :
widely distributed from Gambia and Senegal Rivers over Niger and Chad basin to the Nile (Sudd, White Nile and tributaries, north to Khartoum); Volta basin and several coastal rivers from Togo to western Nigeria. It is also present in Lake Albert and Lake Turkana including Omo River. A relict population is known from Lake Boukou, Northern Chad. It is also present in the Katanga region in southern Congo basin. A single specimen has been collected in each, the central Congo basin downstream of Kisangani and in northern Congo basin from the Kotto River, a tributary of the Ubangi River
.
-
Dentition :
Vandenplas et al., 2016
.
-
Distribution_references :
Banister & Bailey, 1979
|
Blache et al., 1964
|
Daget, 1950 a
|
Daget, 1954
|
Daget, 1958 e
|
Daget, 1961 e
|
Daget, 1968 a
|
Daget & Durand, 1981
|
Gosse, 1963
|
Gosse, 1990
|
Gosse & Daget, 2003
|
Greenwood, 1958 c
|
Matthes, 1964 c
|
Moritz & Britz, 2019
|
Poll, 1941 c
|
Poll, 1941 d
|
Poll, 1942 a
|
Poll, 1954 a
|
Poll, 1963
|
Poll, 1976 b
|
Poll & Gosse, 1963 b
|
Roberts, 1975
.
-
Ecology :
Johnels, 1954
|
Pekkola, 1919: 112
.
-
Electrophysiology :
Znotinas, 2018
.
-
Fisheries / overfishing :
Blache, et al., 1962
|
Blache et al., 1964
|
Depasse, 1956 a
|
Moritz, 2016
|
Welcomme, 1971 b
.
-
Food habits / trophic level :
feeds on insects, crustaceans, mollusks, frogs and fishes, but is mainly insectivorous
.
-
Food habits / trophic level_references :
Blache et al., 1964
|
Bridge, 1904
|
Burgess, 1983
|
Dankwa, 2003b
|
Hickley & Bailey, 1987a
|
Kähsbauer, 1962
|
Lauder, 1980
|
Monod, 1949 a
|
Sandon & Amin Al Tayib, 1953
|
Verbeke, 1959
.
-
Fossils :
Daget et al., 2001
|
Grandstaff et al., 2012
|
Otero et al., 2006
.
-
Genetics :
Helfenrath et al., 2021
|
Morescalchi et al., 2008
|
Near et al., 2013
|
Suzuki et al., 2010a
|
Suzuki et al., 2010b
.
-
Growth / growth performance :
Daget & Ecoutin, 1976
|
Daget et al., 1965
.
-
Habitat / home range :
inhabits marginal swamps and freshwater lagoons and it appears to favor sheltered inshore habitats; inhabits the muddy regions at the sides of rivers and swampy waters, where it lies quiet or glides about with snake-like movements. During the hottest hours of the day, it comes to the surface just on the outer edge of the vegetation, and it goes back to the bottom when disturbed
.
-
Habits_references :
Axelrod, 1957 c
|
Banister & Bailey, 1979
|
Bridge, 1904
|
Svensson, 1933
.
-
Life span :
in captivity, its longevity can be 34 years and more
.
-
Locomotion / swimming :
Lutek & Standen, 2021
|
Molnar et al., 2017
|
Tytell & Lauder, 2002
.
-
Migration / movement :
Daget, 1957 b
|
Znotinas, 2018
.
-
Morphology / anatomy :
Abdel Aziz, 1957
|
Abdel Aziz, 1965 b
|
Abdel Magid, 1967 b
|
Abdel Magid, 1975
|
Allis, 1908
|
Allis, 1922
|
Brien, 1964 b
|
Britz, 2004
|
Budgett, 1900d
|
Budgett, 1903 a
|
Daget, 1950 a
|
Daget, 1958 e
|
Daget & Desouter, 1983
|
De Smet, 1969
|
De Smet, 1970 a
|
De Smet, 1970 b
|
De Smet, 1975 a
|
De Smet, 1975 c
|
De Smet, 1975 d
|
De Smet, 1975 e
|
Flerova & Evdokimov, 2022
|
Foster et al., 2018
|
Frankenberger, 1926
|
Gérard, 1931
|
Gosse, 1990
|
Gosse & Daget, 2003
|
Guitel, 1914
|
Holden, 1971
|
Klika & Lelek, 1967
|
Lauder, 1980
|
Lehn, 1918
|
Moritz & Britz, 2019
|
Olsson, 1958
|
Pfeiffer, 1968 a
|
Pfeiffer, 1969
|
Poll, 1942 a
|
Poll, 1964
|
Poll & Deswattines, 1967
|
Reizer et al., 1972 a
|
Répérant et al., 1979
|
Thomopoulos, 1951
|
Thomopoulos, 1969 a
|
Thomopoulos, 1969 b
|
Thomopoulos, 1971
|
Thomopoulos, 1974
|
Van den Nieuwenhuys, et al., 1969
|
Wilhelm et al., 2015
.
-
Myology :
Foster et al., 2018
|
Molnar et al., 2017
|
Wilhelm et al., 2015
.
-
Olfactory system / olfaction :
Sakuma et al., 2022
.
-
Ontogeny :
Zeiske et al., 2009
.
-
Osteology :
Bamford, 1913
|
Bruet et al., 2008
|
Budgett, 1900 d
|
Daget, 1958 e
|
Daget et al., 1964
|
El Toubi & Abdel Aziz, 1956
|
François, 1967
|
Pehrson, 1947
|
Pehrson, 1958
|
Sewertzov, 1926
.
-
Parasites :
Paperna, 1996
|
Prikrylova et al., 2009
|
Prikrylova & Gelnar, 2008
.
-
Phylogeny :
Daget & Desouter, 1983
|
Helfenrath et al., 2021
|
Near et al., 2013
|
Suzuki et al., 2010a
|
Suzuki et al., 2010b
.
-
Physiology / metabolism :
Abdel Magid, 1966
|
Abdel Magid, 1967 a
|
Abdel Magid & Babiker, 1975
|
Abdel Magid et al., 1970
|
Arelief, 1926
|
Brown, 1957
|
Cuervo et al., 2012
|
Cuervo-Gonzalez et al., 2019
|
Daget, 1957 b
|
De Smet, 1970 a
|
De Smet, 1975 b
|
Kerr, 1968
|
Nicoll & Bern, 1968
|
Nishimura et al., 1973
|
Vokac et al., 1972
.
-
Population biology / population structure / population dynamics :
Daget & Ecoutin, 1976
|
Durand, 1971
|
Holden, 1963
.
-
Reproduction :
reproduction takes place during high water on floodplains or smaller water bodies. courtship starts with a series of leaps from the surface by usually only one of the pair at a time, followed by a slow descent through the water; after a while the male stays very close to the female and at times the female will remain motionless in the water and the male will come up to her from behind and nudge her with sidewise movements of his head; the enlarged and swollen anal fin of the male is folded in a cup-like fashion and is used to brush the female. No nest is constructed, but the eggs are laid a few at a time throughout the thick vegetation
.
-
Reproduction_references :
Albaret, 1982
|
Arnoult, 1961 b
|
Arnoult, 1962
|
Bailey, 1994
|
Blache et al., 1964
|
Breder & Rosen, 1966
|
Britz & Bartsch, 1998
|
Budgett, 1901 b
|
Daget & Durand, 1981
|
Dankwa, 2003b
|
Kerr, 1907 a
|
Moritz & Britz, 2019
|
Offem et al., 2008
|
Reynolds, 1971
.
-
Scales :
Bruet et al., 2008
|
Reichert, 2010
.
-
Size :
406 mm SL, 450 mm TL
.
-
Types :
-
Polypterus arnaudii Duméril, 1870: pl. 23, fig.2. Type locality: White Nile River. No type and no description in Duméril, 1870.
-
Polypterus senegalus Cuvier, 1829 a: 330, pl. 105, fig. 2. Type locality: "Sénégal". Holotype MNHN n° 5765.
-
Polypterus senegalus meridionalis Poll, 1941 c: 146, 151| Poll, 1941 d: 158| Poll, 1942 a: 279, fig. 16-18 (original description of the subspecies, without type designation).
-
Use and trade :
harvested for human consumption
.
-
Zoological_nomenclature / taxonomic information :
Moritz & Britz, 2019
.
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