Monodactylus falciformis Lacépède, 1801

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Monodactylus falciformis : Lacépède, 1801 : 131, 132, pl. 5, fig. 4Histoire naturelle des poissons. | Sterba, 1959 : 480Süsswasserfische aus aller Welt. | Kiener, 1961 c : 27Poissons malgaches. Liste de noms malgaches de poissons d'eau douce, d'eaux saumâtres et d'espèces euryhalines (2-3). | Kiener, 1963 a : 77, pl. 41Poissons, pêche et pisciculture à Madagascar. | Sterba, 1963 : 652Freshwater fishes of the world. Translated and revised by Denys W. Tucker,London. | Kiener, 1966 a : 1126Contribution à l'étude écologique et biologique des eaux saumâtres malgaches. Les poissons euryhalins et leur rôle dans le développement des pêches. | Jubb, 1967 a : 192Freshwater fishes of southern Africa. | Kiener, 1975 : 44Poissons et plantes d'aquarium de Madagascar. | Catala, 1979 : 29, fig. 17Poissons d'eau douce de Madagascar (suite). | Marais & Baird, 1980 b : 68, 69, 70, 71Seasonal abundance distribution and catch per unit effort of fishes in the Swartkops estuary. | Bruton et al., 1982 : 65Pocket guide to the freshwater fishes of Southern Africa. | Heemstra, 1984 : 2 p., fig.Monodactylidae. | Marais, 1984 : 211, 212, 214, 215, 217, 218-219, 220, 221, 222Feeding ecology of major carnivorous fish from four eastern Cape estuaries. | Bianchi, 1985 : 95, 183, 189, fig.FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Tanzania. | Whitfield, 1985 : 167, 168, 169The role of zooplankton in the feeding ecology of fish fry from some southern African estuaries. | Roux, 1986 a : 338-33957. Monodactylidae. | Fischer et al., 1990 : 147, 394, 404, fig.Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de aguas salobras de Moçambique. | Eccles, 1992 : 90, 130, fig.FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Tanzania. | Skelton, 1993 b : 359, fig.A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. | Stiassny & Raminosoa, 1994 : 139The fishes of the inland waters of Madagascar. | Sommer et al., 1996 : 266, 352, 359, fig.FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. | Whitfield, 1998 : 20, 38, 41, 42, 48, 83, 138, 141, 144, 148, 150, 167, 222, fig.Biology and ecology of fishes in southern African estuaries. | Harrison, 2001 : 47Length-weight relationships of fishes from South African estuaries. | Skelton, 2001 : 359, fig.A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. | Fricke et al., 2018 : 233Annotated checklist of the fishes of Madagascar, southwestern Indian Ocean, with 158 new records..
Psettus commersonii : Cuvier, 1831 : 250 (junior synonym)Histoire naturelle des poissons. | Bauchot, 1963 : 153 (junior synonym)Catalogue critique des types de poissons du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. I. Famille des Labridae. II. Famille des Chaetodontidae, Scatophagidae, Toxotidae, Monodactylidae, etc..
Psettus orbicularis : Guichenot, 1866 a : 136 (junior synonym)Catalogue des poissons de Madagascar de la collection du Musée de Paris, avec la description de plusieurs espèces nouvelles..
Psettus falciformis : Boulenger, 1905 c : 54 (senior synonym)A list of freshwater fishes of Africa. | Boulenger, 1915 c : 120, fig. 89 (P. falcipinnis under fig. 89 is a misprint for falciformis) (senior synonym)Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History). | Pellegrin, 1922 j : 418 (senior synonym)Les poissons des eaux douces de la région Madécasse. | Pellegrin, 1932 c : 293 (senior synonym)Poissons de Madagascar recueillis par M. Decary. Description d'une variété nouvelle. | Pellegrin, 1933 a : 103, fig. 60 (senior synonym)Les poissons des eaux douces de Madagascar et des Îles voisines (Comores, Seychelles, Mascareignes). | Pellegrin, 1934 a : 428 (senior synonym)La faune ichthyologique des eaux douces de Madagascar. | Arnoult, 1959 b : 66 (senior synonym)Poissons des eaux douces..

Attributs

DISTRIBUTION: Lien Faunafri
Colour pattern : Heemstra, 1984 | Skelton, 1993b | Skelton, 2001 .
Common names : Kaapse maanskynvis / Kaapse maanvis (Afrikaans), Fuldmånefisk (Danish), Batfish / Buttercream / Cape moonfish / Cape moonie / Cape moony / Fingerfish / Full moony / Kitefish / Moonfish / Moony / Silver batfish (English), Lune pleine (French), Lunado cheio (Portuguese), Soor-yaxaas (Somali: Somalia), Kipepeo / Pakawe (Swahili: Tanzania) .
Condition / length-weight relationship : Harrison, 2001 .
Current distribution known : found from South Africa to the Red Sea and Sri Lanka (Madagascar ?) .
Distribution_references : Heemstra, 1984 | Skelton, 1993b | Skelton, 2001 | Whitefield, 1998 .
Food habits / trophic level : copepods were the dominant component in the diet of postlarval (19-30 mm SL), whereas juveniles larger than 50 mm feed mainly on small crabs, isopods, amphipods and insects. Foraging of this mainly midwater species occurs during both the day and night, with daily summer food consumption for juveniles in Swartvlei calculated to be 2.5% of fish mass. When invertebrate food resources are limited, small fish (e.g. Gilchristella aestuaria) are frequently consumed by subadult .
Food habits / trophic level_references : Heemstra, 1984 | Marais, 1984 | Whitefield, 1998 | Whitfield, 1985 .
Habitat / home range : commonly in fresh waters, estuaries and harbours .
Habitat_references : Bianchi, 1985 | Eccles, 1992 | Heemstra, 1984 | Sommer et al., 1996 | Whitefield, 1998 .
Morphology / anatomy : Heemstra, 1984 | Skelton, 1993b | Skelton, 2001 | Whitefield, 1998 .
Reproduction : in South Africa, spawning by adult (> 14 cm SL) occurs in the nearshore marine environment, often in the vicinity of estuary mouths. The breeding season lasts from October to February in Western Cape waters with evidence suggesting that this species is a serial spawner in Algoa Bay. The absence of adults from estuaries suggests that individuals do not return to these systems after spawning .
Reproduction_references : Whitefield, 1998 .
Size : 250 mm TL .
Types :
- Monodactylus falciformis Lacépède (ex Commerson), 1801: pl. 5, fig. 4| Lacépède, 1801: 131. Type locality: "Mer des Indes?". Holotype MNHN n° A-5441 (dried).
- Psettus commersonii Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831: 250. A substitute for Monodactylus falciformis Lacépède, 1801. Type locality: "Mer des Indes. et Vanicolo". Syntypes MNHN n° A-5441 and MNHN n° 2.970.
- Psettus orbicularis Guichenot, 1866: 136. Type locality: "Madagascar". Syntypes MNHN n° 4.174.
- Stromatoidea layardi Castelnau (de), 1961: 44. Type locality: "Algoa bay et Natal". No type known.