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Mormyrus kannume Forsskål, 1775 |
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- Mormyrus kannume :
Forsskål, 1775 : 74Descriptiones animalium avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium; quae in itinere orientali observavit.
| Gmelin, 1789 : 440Caroli a Linné... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis.
| Bloch & Schneider, 1801 : 456Systema ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum.
| Lacépède, 1803 : 619Histoire naturelle des poissons.
| Valenciennes, 1846 b : 242Histoire naturelle des poissons.
| Marcusen, 1854 b : 14Vorläufige Mittheilung aus einer Abhandlung über die Familie der Mormyren.
| Marcusen, 1864 : 114Die Familie der Mormyren. Eine anatomisch-zoologische Abhandlung.
| Boulenger, 1898 f : 817A revision of the genera and species of fishes of the family Mormyridae.
| Boulenger, 1898 k : 15Matériaux pour la faune du Congo. Poissons nouveaux du Congo.
| Boulenger, 1901 m : 159On a small collection of fishes from lake Victoria made by order of Sir. H. H. Johnston K. C. B.
| Boulenger, 1903 i : 328Report on the fishes collected by Mr. Oscar Neumann and Baron Carlo von Erlanger in Gallaland and Southern Ethiopia.
| Boulenger, 1905 c : 39A list of freshwater fishes of Africa.
| Pellegrin, 1905 a : 144Catalogue des Mormyridés des collections du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris.
| Pellegrin, 1906 g : 125Poissons du Nil bleu récoltés par M. Ch. Alluaud.
| Boulenger, 1907 l : 61, pl. 12, fig. 1Zoology of Egypt. The fishes of the Nile published for the Egyptian Government. 2 vol.
| Pappenheim, 1907 b : 362Zur Systematik und Variationsstatistik der Mormyriden, hauptsächlich aus den deutsch-afrikanischen Schutzgebieten.
| Boulenger, 1909 a : 134, fig. 112Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History).
| Cockerell, 1910 e : 2The scales of the mormyrid fishes with remarks on Albula and Elops.
| Keilhack, 1910 a : 93Njassa-Fische gesammelt von Prof. Dr. Fülleborn.
| Boulenger, 1911 l : 78Collezioni zoologiche fatte nell' Uganda dal Dott. E. Bayon.
| Boulenger, 1912 h : 673On a collection of fishes made by Mr. A. Blayney Percival in British East Africa to the east of lake Baringo.
| Vinciguerra, 1913 : 296Missione per la frontiera italo-etiopia sotto il comando del Capitano Carlo Citerni. Risultati zoologici : Pesci.
| Boulenger, 1916 a : 169Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History).
| Pekkola, 1918 : 92Seasonal occurence and edibility of fish at Khartoum.
| Pekkola, 1919 : 113Notes on the habits, breeding and food of some White Nile fish.
| Pellegrin, 1922 e : 349Poissons nouveaux de l'Afrique orientale.
| Vinciguerra, 1922 a : 383Contribuzione alla conoscenza della fauna ittiologica dello Uebi Scebeli.
| Worthington, 1929 b : 69-101A report on the fishing survey of lakes Albert and Kioga (March to July 1928).
| Worthington, 1932 a : 24A report on the fisheries of Uganda investigated by the Cambridge expedition to the East African lakes (1930-1931).
| Worthington, 1932 c : 122Scientific results of the Cambridge expedition to the East African lakes, 1930-1931. 2. Fishes other than Cichlidae.
| Guiglia, 1935 : 28Spedizione Zoologica del Marchese Saverio Patrizi nel Basso Giuba e nell'Oltregiuba, giugno-agosto 1934, Pesci.
| Borodin, 1936 : 5On a collection of freshwater fishes from Lakes Nyasa, Tanganyika and Viktoria in Central Africa.
| Fowler, 1936 b : 252Zoological results of the George Vanderbilt African expedition of 1934. III. The fresh-water fishes.
| Poll, 1939 c : 57, fig. 1Poissons. In Exploration du Parc National Albert. Mission G. F. de Witte (1933-35).
| Poll & Damas, 1939 : 18Poissons.
| Bertin, 1940 : 268Catalogue des types de poissons du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 2e partie. (Dipneustes, Chondrostéens, Holostéens, Isospondyles).
| Duren, 1943 : 25La pêche en eau douce au Congo belge. 3. Les poissons d'eau douce les plus connus du Congo belge.
| Poll, 1943 c : 25La pêche en eau douce au Congo Belge : 2. Aperçu général sur les poissons d'eau douce du Bassin du Congo.
| Girgis, 1948 : 122A list of common fish of the upper Nile with their Shilluk, Dinka and Nuer names.
| Hulot, 1950 b : 158Le régime alimentaire des poissons du Centre africain. Intérêt éventuel de ces poissons en vue d'une zootechnie économique au Congo belge.
| Depasse, 1956 : 42Monographie Piscicole de la Province Orientale. Description du milieu limnologique ; programme et réalisations en matière de pêche et de pisciculture.
| Fish, 1956 : 186Some aspects of the respiration of six species of fish from Uganda.
| Greenwood, 1956 a : 133, fig. 6The fishes of Uganda. II.
| Hulot, 1956 a : 834, fig. 17Aperçu sur la question de la pêche industrielle aux lacs Kivu, Edouard et Albert.
| Macdonald, 1956 : 49Observations on the biology of Chaoborids and Chironomids in Lake Victoria and on the feeding habits of the "elephant-snout fish" (Mormyrus kannume Forsk.).
| Garrod, 1957 a : 13An analysis of records of gillnet fishing in Pilkington Bay, Lake Victoria.
| Garrod, 1957 b : 1A review of Lake Victoria fishery service records. (1951-1956).
| Nawar, 1959 a : 499Observations on breeding of six members of the Nile Mormyridae.
| Sterba, 1959 : 53, fig. 68Süsswasserfische aus aller Welt.
| Corbet, 1960 a : 616Breeding sites of non-cichlid fishes in Lake Victoria.
| Iles, 1960 : 516External sexual differences and their significance in Mormyrus kannume Forskal, 1775.
| Corbet, 1961 : 21The food of non-cichlid fishes in the Lake Victoria Basin, with remarks on their evolution and adaptation to lacustrine conditions.
| Poll, 1963 : 101Zoogéographie ichthyologique du cours supérieur du Lualaba (Introduction à une zoogéographie ichthyologique causale du Katanga).
| Reizer, 1964 b : 30, pl. 4, fig. 1Revision systématique et raciation des Mormyrus de l'Afrique centrale.
| Scott, 1964 Preliminary report on the reproductive cycle in Mormyrus kannume Forskal.
| Breder & Rosen, 1966 : 146Modes of reproduction in fishes.
| Mann, 1966 : 36A preliminary report on a survey of the fisheries of the Tana River, Kenya.
| Sterba, 1966 : 74, fig. 68Freshwater fishes of the world.
| Abu Gideiri, 1967 b : 346Fishes of the Blue Nile, between Khartoum and Roseires.
| Okedi, 1968 : 42Notes on the behaviour of the small mormyrid fishes of Lake Victoria.
| Bailey, 1969 b : 177The non-cichlid fishes of the eastward flowing rivers of Tanzania, East Africa.
| Lowe-Mcconnell, 1969 : 66Speciation in tropical freshwater fishes.
| Okedi, 1969 Observations on the breeding and growth of certain Mormyrid fishes of the Lake Victoria Basin.
| Mishrigi, 1970 : 195Fishes of Lake Roseires on the Blue Nile.
| Okedi, 1970 : 438A study of the fecundity of some Mormyrid fishes from Lake Victoria.
| Greenwood, 1971 b : 23Hyoid and ventral gill arch musculature in Osteoglossomorph fishes.
| Okedi, 1971 a : 1The food and feeding habits of the small mormyrid fishes of Lake Victoria, East Africa.
| Satchell, 1971 : 71Circulation in fishes.
| Taverne, 1972 : 163Ostéologie des genres Mormyrus Linné, Mormyrops Müller, Hyperopisus Gill, Isichthys Gill, Myomyrus Boulenger, Stomatorhinus Boulenger et Gymnarchus Cuvier. Considérations générales des poissons de l'ordre des Mormyriformes.
| Khalil & Thurston, 1973 : 232Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans.
| Fowler, 1975 : 20A catalog of World fishes (22).
| Saoud, 1976 : 315A general survey of the protozoan blood parasites of some Nile fishes from the Sudan.
| Kiss, 1977 : 264Les poissons et la pêche dans le lac Ihema (Rwanda, bassin moyen de l'Akagera).
| Balirwa, 1979 : 71A contribution to the study of the food of six cyprinid fishes in three areas of the Lake Victoria basin, East Africa.
| Daget & Durand, 1981 : 709Poissons.
| Hanel & Novak, 1982 b : 257, pl. 1-2Note on Mormyrus kannume (Pisces, Mormyridae).
| Gosse, 1984 d : 101-10216. Mormyridae.
| Campbell et al., 1985 : 182A survey of fishes of the Tana River at Koba and a checklist of fishes of the Tana River.
| Robins et al., 1991 : 26World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada.
| Eccles, 1992 : 30, 117, fig.FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Tanzania.
| Bailey, 1994 : 942Guide to the fishes of the River Nile in the Republic of the Sudan.
| Skelton, 1994 : 125Diversity and distribution of freshwater fishes in East and Southern Africa.
| Fritzsch & Moller, 1995 : 54A history of electroreception.
| Van Oijen, 1995 : 271, fig.Appendix I. Key to Lake Victoria fishes other than haplochromine cichlids.
| Witte & de Winter, 1995 : 312Appendix II. Biology of the major fish species of Lake Victoria.
| Brown et al., 1996 : 1216Basal expansion of anal-fin rays: a new osteological character in weakly discharging electric fish (Mormyridae).
| Chapman & Hulen, 2001 : 461-471Implications of hypoxia for the brain size and gill morphometry of mormyrid fishes.
| De Vos et al., 2001 a : 59, fig. 4cAn annotated checklist of the fishes of Rwanda (east central Africa), with historical data on introductions of commercially important species.
| Okeyo, 2003 a : 255 (as Murmyrous kannume)Taxonomy, common names and distribution of fish in the eastern arm of the Rift Valley drainage, Kenya.
| Seegers et al., 2003 : 29, fig. 6cAnnotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Kenya (excluding the lacustrine haplochromines from Lake Victoria).
| Getahun, 2007 c : 93An overview of the diversity and conservation status of the Ethiopian freshwater fauna.
| Fricke, 2008 : 14Authorship, availability and validity of fish names described by Peter (Pehr) Simon Forsskål and Johann Christian Fabricius in the 'Descriptiones animalium' by Carsten Niebuhr in 1775 (Pisces).
| Seegers, 2008 b : 180The fishes collected by G.A. Fischer in East Africa in 1883 and 1885-86.
| Moritz, 2015 : 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8Notes on the electric organ discharges (EODs) of four Mormyrus-species (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Nilo-Sahelo-Sudan ichthyofaunal province of Africa.
| Neumann et al., 2016 : 293, 303, 308, 313Annotated checklist for fishes of the Main Nile Basin in the Sudan and Egypt based on recent specimen records (2006-2015).
| Ragheb, 2016 : 161-167, fig. 1Growth pattern and natural mortality of elephant fishes (Mormyrus kannume, Mormyridae) in the Damietta branch of Nile, Egypt.
| Levin & Golubtsov, 2017 : 6, 10, 14New insights into the molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of mormyrids (Osteoglossiformes, Actinopterygii) in northern East Africa.
| Moritz et al., 2019 a : 139, 149New and rare records of fishes from the White Nile in the Republic of the Sudan.
| Prié et al., 2021 : 650, 652From fin rays to DNA: supplementary morphological and molecular data to identify Mormyrus subundulatus Roberts, 1989 (Pisces: Mormyridae) from the Bandama River in Côte d'Ivoire.
| Simanovsky et al., 2021 a : 323, 324, 325Similarity of karyotype structure in three Mormyrus species (Mormyridae) from the White Nile and Omo River tributaries (Ethiopia).
| Simanovsky et al., 2021 b : 349Derived karyotypes in two elephantfish genera (Hyperopisus and Pollimyrus): lowest chromosome number in the family Mormyridae (Osteoglossiformes)..
- Mormyrus oxyrhynchus :
Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809 : 270, pl. 6, fig. 1 (junior synonym)Poissons du Nil, de la Mer Rouge et de la Méditérannée.
| Lichtenstein, 1823 : 11 (junior synonym)Verzeichnis der Doubletten des zoologischen Museums der Königl.
| Rüppell, 1829 b : 4 (junior synonym)Beschreibung und Abbildung mehrerer neuer Fische, im Nil entdeckt.
| Joannis (de), 1835 : pl. 13 (junior synonym)Observation sur les poissons du Nil, et descriptions de plusieurs espèces nouvelles suivies d'un tableau de toutes les espèces qui vivent dans ce fleuve.
| Müller, 1843 : 324 (junior synonym)Bemerkungen über die Cyprinodonten.
| Valenciennes, 1846 b : 242 (junior synonym)Histoire naturelle des poissons.
| Marcusen, 1854 b : 14 (junior synonym)Vorläufige Mittheilung aus einer Abhandlung über die Familie der Mormyren.
| Kölliker, 1859 : 75 (junior synonym)On the different types in the microscopic structure of the skeleton of osseous fishes.
| Marcusen, 1864 : (synonymy of Mormyrus oxyrhynchus with Mormyrus kannume) (junior synonym)Die Familie der Mormyren. Eine anatomisch-zoologische Abhandlung.
| Günther, 1866 a : 216 (junior synonym)Catalogue of the fishes of the British Museum, vol. 6 : Physostomi.
| Günther, 1869 b : 253 (junior synonym)The fishes of the Nile.
| Babuchin, 1877 : 268, fig. 5-10 (junior synonym)Beobachtungen und Versuche am Zitterwelse und Mormyrus des Nils.
| Sauvage, 1880 a : 26 (junior synonym)Etude sur la faune ichthyologique de l'Ogôoué.
| Sanders, 1883 : 928 (junior synonym)Contribution to the anatomy of the central nervous system in vertebrate animals.
| Hilgendorf, 1888 : 78 (junior synonym)Fische aus dem Victoria-Nyanza (Ukerewe-See) gesammelt von dem
| Perugia, 1891 : 976 (junior synonym)Intorno ad alcuni pesci raccolti al Congo dal Capitano
| Pfeffer, 1896 : 40 (junior synonym)Die Fische Ost Afrikas. In Deutsch Ost-Afrika : Band III.
| Pfeffer, 1897 : 61 (junior synonym)Zur Faunistik Deutsch-Ost-Afrikas. 2. Fische.
| Bertin, 1940 : 268 (junior synonym)Catalogue des types de poissons du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 2e partie. (Dipneustes, Chondrostéens, Holostéens, Isospondyles).
| Gosse, 1984 d : 102 (synonym of Mormyrus kannume) (junior synonym)16. Mormyridae.
| Seegers, 2008 b : 180 (synonym of Mormyrus kannume) (junior synonym)The fishes collected by G.A. Fischer in East Africa in 1883 and 1885-86..
- Ameie zeray :
Rifaud, 1836 Voyage en Egypte, en Nubie et les lieux circonvoisins depuis 1805 jusqu'en 1828.
| Valenciennes, 1846 b : 245 (synonymy of Ameiebzeray with Mormyrus kannume) (common name)Histoire naturelle des poissons.
| Gosse, 1984 d : 102 (synonym of Mormyrus kannume) (common name)16. Mormyridae..
- Mese nacra :
Rifaud, 1836 Voyage en Egypte, en Nubie et les lieux circonvoisins depuis 1805 jusqu'en 1828.
| Marcusen, 1854 b : 14 (common name)Vorläufige Mittheilung aus einer Abhandlung über die Familie der Mormyren.
| Marcusen, 1864 : 132 (common name)Die Familie der Mormyren. Eine anatomisch-zoologische Abhandlung.
| Boulenger, 1909 a : 136 (common name)Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History).
| Gosse, 1984 d : 102 (synonym of Mormyrus kannume) (common name)16. Mormyridae..
- Mormyrus nacra :
Valenciennes, 1846 b : 257 (junior synonym)Histoire naturelle des poissons.
| Gosse, 1984 d : 102 (synonym of Mormyrus kannume) (junior synonym)16. Mormyridae..
- Mormyrus bachiqua :
Valenciennes, 1846 b : 248 (junior synonym)Histoire naturelle des poissons.
| Marcusen, 1854 b : 14 (junior synonym)Vorläufige Mittheilung aus einer Abhandlung über die Familie der Mormyren.
| Marcusen, 1864 : 129 (junior synonym)Die Familie der Mormyren. Eine anatomisch-zoologische Abhandlung.
| Boulenger, 1898 f : 817 (junior synonym)A revision of the genera and species of fishes of the family Mormyridae.
| Gosse, 1984 d : 102 (synonym of Mormyrus kannume) (junior synonym)16. Mormyridae..
- Mormyrus Mormyrus oxyrhynchus :
Sauvage, 1880 a : 26 (junior synonym)Etude sur la faune ichthyologique de l'Ogôoué.
| Gosse, 1984 d : 102 (synonym of Mormyrus kannume) (junior synonym)16. Mormyridae..
Attributs
- DISTRIBUTION: Lien Faunafri
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Chromosomes :
Simanovsky et al., 2021a
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Simanovsky et al., 2021b
.
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Common names :
Khashm el banat (Arabic), Kasuruban [Chiga (Kiga): Uganda], Rypoun nosác (Czech), Tapirfisk (Danish), Bottlenose / Elephant-snout fish (English), Tapiir-nokiskala (Estonian), Tapiirikala (Finnish), Tapir-Rüsselfisch (German), Entanana / Kasuruban (Konzo: Uganda), Aduoyo / Suma (Luo: Kenya), Kasulu (Uganda), Ntanant (Nyankore: Uganda), Kasamene / Kasulubana (Nyoro: Uganda), Ikimote / Intama / Kasurabana [Rwanda (Kinyarwanda): Rwanda], Shubule (Samburu: Kenya), Domodomo / Mbete / Surasura (Swahili), Lomakale / Mkale (Turkana: Kenya), Mboro (Zande: Sudan)
.
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Condition / length-weight relationship :
Ragheb, 2016
.
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Current distribution known :
known from the Lower Nile up to the Lake Victoria basin, including Baro system in Ethiopia. Present in Lakes Victoria, Kyoga, Albert, Edward and George, the Victoria and Murchison Nile, and the Middle Akagera system. Also known from the Lake Turkana basin and the Northern Ewaso Nyiro
.
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Distribution_references :
Eccles, 1992
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Greenwood, 1956 a: 135
.
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Electrophysiology :
Chapman & Hulen, 2001
.
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Food habits :
bottom feeder; small fishes eat lithophilic insects; adults almost exclusively insectivorous; chironomids dominate in the diet
.
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Food habits_references :
Bailey, 1994
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Corbet, 1961
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Fish, 1956
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Hulot, 1950b
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McDonald, 1956
.
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Genetics :
Levin & Golubtsov, 2017
.
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Growth / growth performance :
Ragheb, 2016
.
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Habitat / home range :
solitary, nocturnal species. In Lake Victoria in both coastal and offshore waters. In Lake Kyoga in open water rather than weedy areas. In the Lake Edward-Lake George system occurs in the Kasinga Channel and to the northern papyrus fringed shore of Lake George
.
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Habitat_references :
Eccles, 1992
.
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Morphology / anatomy :
Greenwood, 1971b
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Ragheb, 2016
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Sanders, 1883
.
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Oxygen / hypoxia / anoxia :
Chapman & Hulen, 2001
.
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Parasites :
Khalil & Thurston, 1973
.
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Phylogeny :
Levin & Golubtsov, 2017
|
Prié et al., 2021
.
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Physiology / metabolism :
Meyer-Holzapfel, 1960
|
Moritz, 2015
.
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Reproduction :
gonads are mature in spring and summer and only the left ovary or testis is present. In Lake Victoria this species may spawn in the main lake, perhaps in deep water over rocks
.
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Reproduction_references :
Corbet, 1960a
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Okedi, 1969
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Okedi, 1970
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Scott, 1964
.
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Size :
1,000 mm SL
.
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Types :
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Ameie zeray Rifaud, 1836.
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Mese nacra Rifaud, 1836
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Mormyrus bachiqua Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846: 248. Type locality: "Egypte". Type: drawing of Rifaud, 1836: pl. 190, n° 52, original drawing lost?.
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Mormyrus kannume Forskäl, 1775: 74. Type locality: "Egypt". Type lost.
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Mormyrus nacra Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846: 257. Type locality: "Egypte". Type: drawing of Rifaud. Original drawing lost?
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Mormyrus oxyrhynchus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in Lacépède, 1803: 619. Type locality: "Nil". Holotype MNHN A 9627, paratype MNHN A 826.
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Use and trade :
common in commercial fisheries. It has a high commercial value and is caught in fair quantities in Upper Egyptian Nile
.
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